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high voltage current shunt monitor ad8211 rev. a information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notice. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com fax: 781.461.3113 ?2007-2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. features qualified for automotive applications 4000 v hbm esd high common-mode voltage range ?2 v to +65 v operating ?3 v to +68 v survival buffered output voltage wide operating temperature range 5-lead sot: ?40c to +125c excellent ac and dc performance 5 v/c typical offset drift ?13 ppm/c typical gain drift 120 db typical cmrr at dc applications high-side current sensing motor controls transmission controls engine management suspension controls vehicle dynamic controls dc-to-dc converters functional block diagram 06824-001 v in+ v+ out g = +20 ad8211 a1 proprietary offset circuitry v in? gnd figure 1. general description the ad8211 is a high voltage, precision current shunt amplifier. it features a set gain of 20 v/v, with a typical 0.35% gain error over the entire temperature range. the buffered output voltage directly interfaces with any typical converter. excellent common- mode rejection from ?2 v to +65 v is independent of the 5 v supply. the ad8211 performs unidirectional current measure- ments across a shunt resistor in a variety of industrial and automotive applications, such as motor control, solenoid control, or battery management. special circuitry is devoted to output linearity being maintained throughout the input differential voltage range of 0 mv to 250 mv, regardless of the common-mode voltage present. the ad8211 has an operating temperature range of ?40c to +125c and is offered in a small 5-lead sot package.
ad8211 rev. a | page 2 of 16 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 applications ....................................................................................... 1 functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 general description ......................................................................... 1 revision history ............................................................................... 2 specifications ..................................................................................... 3 absolute maximum ratings ............................................................ 4 esd caution .................................................................................. 4 pin configuration and function descriptions ............................. 5 typical performance characteristics ............................................. 6 theory of operation ...................................................................... 10 application notes ........................................................................... 11 output linearity ......................................................................... 11 applications inform ation .............................................................. 12 high - side current sense with a low - side switch ................. 12 high - side current sensing ....................................................... 12 low - side current sensing ........................................................ 12 outline dimensions ....................................................................... 13 ordering guide .......................................................................... 13 r evision history 3/11 rev . 0 to rev. a added automotive products information ................. throughout changes to general description, gain error percentage ........... 1 changes to table 1 ............................................................................ 3 changes to table 2 ............................................................................ 4 updated outline dimensions ....................................................... 13 changes to ordering guide .......................................................... 13 7 /0 7 revisio n 0 : initial version
ad8211 rev. a | page 3 of 16 specifications t opr = ?40c to +125c, t a = 25c, v s = 5 v, r l = 25 k (r l is the output load resistor), unless otherwise noted. table 1. y grade w grade parameter min typ max min typ max unit conditions gain initial 20 20 v/v accuracy 0.25 0.25 % v o 0.1 v dc accuracy over temperature 0.35 0.4 % t opr gain vs. temperature ?13 ?13 ppm/c t opr 1 voltage offset offset voltage (rti) 1 1 mv 25c over temperature (rti) 2.2 2.5 mv t opr offset drift 5 5 v/c t opr 2 input input impedance differential 5 5 k common mode 5 5 m common-mode voltage > 5 v 3.5 3.5 k common-mode voltage < 5 v common-mode input voltage range ?2 +65 ?2 +65 v common-mode continuous differential input voltage range 250 250 mv differential input voltage common-mode rejection 100 120 100 120 db t opr , f = dc, v cm > 5 v, see figure 5 80 90 80 90 db t opr , f = dc, v cm < 5 v, see figure 5 output output voltage range low 0.1 0.05 0.1 0.05 v t opr output voltage range high 4.95 4.9 4.95 4.9 v t opr output impedance 2 2 dynamic response small signal ?3 db bandwidth 500 500 khz slew rate 4.5 4.5 v/s noise 0.1 hz to 10 hz, rti 7 7 v p-p spectral density, 1 khz, rti 70 70 nv/hz power supply operating range 4.5 5.5 4.5 5.5 v quiescent current over temperature 1.2 2.0 1.2 2.0 ma v cm > 5 v 3 , see figure 12 power supply rejection ratio 76 76 db temperature range for specified performance ?40 +125 ?40 +125 c 1 the mean of the gain drift distribution is typically ?13 ppm/c, with a = 3 ppm/c. 2 the mean of the offset drift distribution is typically +5 v/c, with a = 3 v/c. 3 when the input common-mode voltage is less than 5 v, the supply current increases, which can be calculated by i s = ?0.275 (v cm ) + 2.5.
ad8211 rev. a | page 4 of 16 absolute maximum ratings table 2 . parameter rating supply voltage 12.5 v continuous input voltage ?3 v to +68 v reverse supply voltage ? 0.3 v differential input voltage 500 mv hbm (human body m odel) esd rating 4000 v cdm (charged device m odel) esd rating 1000 v operating temperature range ?40 c to +125c storage temperature range ?65c to +150c output short - circuit duration indefinite stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the devi ce. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. esd caution
ad8211 rev. a | page 5 of 16 pin configuration and function descripti ons 06824-030 1 2 5 3 4 1 2 5 3 4 figure 2 . metallization diagram 06824-002 out 1 gnd 2 v in+ 3 v+ 5 v in? 4 nc = no connect ad82 11 top view (not to scale) figure 3 . pin configuration table 3 . p in function descriptions pin o. neonic description 1 out ? 277 + 466 buffered o utput . 2 gnd ? 140 + 466 ground . 3 v in+ ? 228 ? 519 noninverting i nput. 4 v in? + 229 ? 519 inverting i nput. 5 v+ + 264 + 466 supply.
ad8211 rev. a | page 6 of 1 6 typical performance characteris tics 1.2 ?1.2 ?40 06824- 1 12 temperature (c) v osi (mv) ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.2 0 ?0.2 ?0.4 ?0.6 ?0.8 ?1.0 figure 4 . typical offset vs. temperature 140 60 10 06824-114 frequncy (hz) cmrr (db) 1m 100 1k 10k 100k 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 common-mode voltage > 5v common-mode voltage < 5v figure 5. typical cmrr vs. frequency 2500 ?2500 ?40 06824- 1 13 temperature (c) gain error (ppm) ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 2000 1500 1000 500 0 ?500 ?1000 ?1500 ?2000 figure 6 . typical gain error vs. temperature 40 ?40 10k 06824-107 frequency (hz) gain (db) 10m ?5 ?10 ?15 ?20 ?25 20 30 25 35 15 10 5 0 ?30 ?35 100k 1m figure 7 . typical small signal bandwidth (v out = 200 mv p - p) 10 0 0 06824-118 differential input voltage (mv) total output error (%) 250 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 figure 8 . total output error vs. differential input voltage ?510 ?570 0 250 06824-103 differential input voltage (mv) input bias current (a) ?515 ?520 ?525 ?530 ?535 ?540 ?545 ?550 ?555 ?560 ?565 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 v in+ v in? figure 9 . input bias current vs. differential input voltage, v cm = 0 v
ad8211 rev. a | page 7 of 16 1 10 40 0 250 06824-104 differential input voltage (mv) input bias current (a) 100 90 80 70 60 50 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 v in+ v in? figure 10 . input bias current vs. differential input voltage, v cm = 5 v 0.8 ?2.4 ?5 65 06824-102 input common-mode voltage (v) input bias current (ma) 0.4 0 ?0.4 ?0.8 ?1.2 ?1.6 ?2.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 figure 11 . input bias current vs. input common - mode voltage 4.0 1.0 ?4 65 06824-101 common-mode voltage (v) supply current (ma) 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 ?2 0 2 4 6 8 figure 12 . supply current vs. common - mode voltage 06824- 1 10 time (500ns/div) 100mv/div output 1v/div input figure 13 . fall time 06824-111 time (500ns/div) 100mv/div output 1v/div input figure 14 . rise time 06824-109 time (1s/div) 200mv/div output 2v/div input figure 15 . differential overload recovery (falling)
ad8211 rev. a | page 8 of 16 06824-108 time (1s/div) 200mv/div output 2v/div input figure 16 . differential overload recovery (risi ng) 06824-120 time 5s/div) 2v/div 0.01/div figure 17 . settling time (falling) 06824-119 time 5s/div) 2v/div 0.01/div figure 18 . settling time (rising) 12.0 5.0 ?40 06824-106 temperature (c) maximum output sink current (ma) ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 ?30 ?10 10 30 50 70 90 1 10 130 150 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 1 1.0 1 1.5 10.5 10.0 9.5 9.0 6.0 5.5 figure 19 . maximum output sink current vs. temperature 9.0 4.0 ?40 06824-105 temperature (c) maximum output source current (ma) ?20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6. 5 6. 0 5.5 5.0 4.5 figure 20 . maximum output source current vs. temperature 5.0 1.0 0 06824-117 output source current (ma) output voltage range (v) 9 4.6 4.2 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.2 1.8 1.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 figure 21 . output voltage range vs. output source current
ad8211 rev. a | page 9 of 16 2.0 0 0 06824-116 output sink current (ma) output voltage range from gnd (v) 12 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 figure 22 . output voltage range from gnd vs. output sink current
ad8211 rev. a | page 10 of 16 theory of opera tion in typical applications, the ad8211 amplifies a small differential input voltage generated by the load current flowing through a shunt resistor. the ad8211 rejects high common - mode voltages (up to 65 v) and provides a ground - referenced , buffered out put that interfaces with an analog - to - digital converter (adc) . figure 23 shows a simplified schematic of the ad8211 . 06824-022 v+ v out = (i shunt r shunt ) 20 g = +20 ad8211 a1 proprietary offset circuitry gnd r1 r out q1 r i shunt i in r shunt figure 23 . simplified schematic a load current flowing through the ext ernal shunt resistor produces a voltage at the input terminals of the ad8211 . the inpu t terminals are connected to a mplifier a1 by resistor r and resistor r1 . the inverting terminal, which has very high input impedance is held to ( v cm ) ? ( i shunt r shunt ) because negligible current flows through r esistor r . amplifier a1 forces the non inverting input to the same potential. theref ore, the current that flows through resistor r1 , is equal to i in = ( i shunt r shunt )/ r1 this current (i in ) is converted back to a voltage via r out . the output buffer amplifier has a gain of 20 v/v and offers excellent accuracy as the internal gain setting resistors are precision trimmed to w ithin 0.01% matching. the resulting output voltage is equal to v out = ( i shunt r shunt ) 20
ad8211 rev. a | page 11 of 16 application notes output linearity in all current sensing applications, and especially in automotive and industrial environments where the common - mode voltage can vary significantly, it is important that the current sensor maintain the specified output linearity , regardless of the input differential or common - mode voltage. the ad8211 contains specific circuitry on the input stage, which ensures that even when the differential input voltage is very small, and the common - mode voltage is also low (below th e 5 v supply), the input - to - output linearity is maintained. figure 24 shows the input differential voltage vs . the corresponding output voltage at different common modes. 200 0 0 06824-115 differential input voltage (mv) output voltage (mv) 10 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ideal v out (mv) v out (mv) @ v cm = 0v v out (mv) @ v cm = 65v figure 24 . ga in linearity due to differential and common - mode voltage regardless of the common mode, t he ad8211 provides a correct output voltage when the input differential is at least 2 mv , which is due to the voltage range of the output amplifier that can go as low as 33 mv typical. the specified minim um output amplifier voltage is 10 0 mv to provide sufficient guard - bands. the ability of the ad8211 to work with very small differential inputs , regardless of the common - mode voltage, allows for more dynamic range, acc uracy, and flexibility in any current sensing application.
ad8211 rev. a | page 12 of 16 applications information high - side current sense w ith a low - side switch in such l oad control configurations , the pwm - controlled switch is ground referenced. an inductive load (solenoid) is tied to a power supply. a resistive shunt is placed between the switch a nd the load (see figure 25 ). an advantage of placing the shunt on the high side is that the entire current, including the recirculatio n current, c an be mea s ured because the shunt remains in the loop when the switch is off. in addition, diagnostics can be enhanced because shorts to ground can be detected with the shunt on the high side. in this circuit configuration, when the switch is closed, the co mmon - mode voltage moves down to near the negative rail. when the switch is opened, the voltage reversal across the i n ductive load causes the common - mode voltage to be held one diode drop above the battery by the clamp diode. 06824-024 gnd 2 v in+ v in? 1 5 out v+ 3 4 ad82 11 5v inductive load clam p dio de shunt switch ba tte ry 1 2 3 5 4 figure 25 . low- side switch high - side current sensing in this configuration, the shunt resistor is referenced to the battery. high voltage is present at the inputs of the current sense amplifier. in this mode, the recirculation current is again measured and sho rts to ground can be detected. when the shunt is battery referenced , the ad8211 produces a linear ground - referenced analog output. an ad821 4 can also be used to provide an over - cur rent detection signal in a s little as 100 ns . this feature is useful in high current syste ms where fast shutdown in over - current conditions is essential. 06824-025 gnd 2 v in+ v in? 1 5 out v+ 3 4 ad82 11 5v inductive load clam p diode shunt switch ba tte ry 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 ad8214 gnd nc ?in out v reg +in v s nc overcurrent detection (<100ns) 1 2 3 5 4 figure 26 . battery- referenced shunt resistor low- side current sensing in systems where low - side current sensing is preferred, the ad8211 provide s an integrated solution with great accuracy. ground noise is re jected, cmrr is typical ly higher than 90 db , and output linearity is not compromised , regardless of the input differe ntial voltage. 06824-026 gnd 2 v in+ v in? 1 5 out v+ 3 4 ad82 11 5v inductive load clam p diode shunt ba tte ry switch 1 2 3 5 4 figure 27 . ground - reference d shunt resistor
ad8211 rev. a | page 13 of 16 outline dimensions compliant to jedec standards mo-178-aa 10 5 0 seating plane 1.90 bsc 0.95 bsc 0.60 bsc 5 1 2 3 4 3.00 2.90 2. 80 3.00 2.80 2.60 1.70 1.60 1. 50 1.30 1.15 0.90 0.15 max 0.05 min 1.45 max 0.95 min 0.20 max 0.08 min 0.50 max 0.35 min 0.55 0.45 0.35 11-01-2010-a figure 28 . 5- lead small outline transistor package [sot - 23 ] (rj -5) dimensions shown in millimeters o rdering g uide mode l 1, 2 temperature range package d e scription package option branding ad8211 yr jz- r2 ? 40c to +125c 5- lead sot - 23 rj -5 y02 ad8211 yr jz-rl ? 40c to +125c 5- lead sot - 23 rj -5 y02 ad8211 yr jz- rl7 ? 40c to +125c 5- lead sot - 23 rj -5 y02 ad8211wyrjz -r7 ? 40c to +125c 5- lead sot - 23 rj -5 y3n ad8211wyrjz -rl ? 40c to +125c 5- lead sot - 23 rj -5 y3n 1 z = rohs compliant part . 2 w = qualified for automotive applications. automotive products the ad8211wyrjz models are available with controlled manufacturing to support the quality and reliability requirements of aut omotive applications. n ote that these automotive models may have specifications that differ from the commercial models; therefore, designers should review the specifications section of this data sheet carefully. only the automotive grade products shown are available for use in a utomotive applications. contact your local analog devices account representative for specific product ordering information an d to obtain the specific automotive reliability reports for these models.
ad8211 rev. a | page 14 of 16 notes
ad8211 rev. a | page 15 of 16 notes
ad8211 rev. a | page 16 of 16 notes ? 2007 - 2011 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. d06824 -0- 3/11(a)

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